The Problem
Turkey strategic location between Europe and Asia makes it an attractive hub for import-export businesses, but the regulatory framework is complex. Foreign entrepreneurs face customs clearance requirements, product certification standards, import quotas, and anti-dumping duties that can dramatically affect profitability. A single customs violation can result in goods seizure, heavy fines, and criminal prosecution.
How the Law Works in Turkey
Import-export activities are regulated by the Customs Law (Gümrük Kanunu, Law No. 4458), Foreign Trade Legislation (Dış Ticaret Mevzuatı), and various sector-specific regulations. Companies must register with the Customs Administration (Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanlığı) and obtain a customs registration certificate. Certain goods require specific import permits or certificates of conformity (CE marking, TSE standards). Turkey Customs Union with the EU eliminates customs duties on industrial goods from EU member states but does not cover agricultural products. Free Trade Zones offer tax incentives for export-oriented businesses.
What the Tourist Should Do
Establish a Turkish legal entity (Ltd. Şti. or A.Ş.) before commencing import-export activities. Register with the Customs Administration and obtain your EORI number. Determine the HS (Harmonized System) codes for your products and check applicable duty rates. Obtain any required import licenses or permits. Engage a licensed customs broker (gümrük müşaviri) for customs clearance. Open a foreign currency account for international transactions.
The Risks
Incorrect HS code classification can result in underpayment of duties and subsequent penalties with interest. Importing goods without required certifications means they will be held at customs and potentially destroyed. Anti-dumping duties on specific products from certain countries can make imports unprofitable. Smuggling charges carry severe criminal penalties including imprisonment.
LetFix Solution
LetFix assists foreign entrepreneurs with import-export business setup and compliance in Turkey. Our trade lawyers handle company registration, customs issues, product certification, and regulatory compliance for international trade operations.
